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Pacemaker! How does it works?

 



The consistent beating of heart is the very basic process, which keeps all of us alive on this beautiful planet. Unfortunately, some people develop heart problems in their old age. This makes their heart beat slower and inconsistent. It happens due to problems in the sinoatrial node.


Sinoatrial node is a part of heart, which sends electrical signals to heart. These electrical signals are vital to make the heart function properly.


In order to make heartbeats consistent, pacemaker is used. Pacemaker is a device with the following components.


1. A battery

2. A microprocessor control switch

3. An RC circuit



Let us understand how this pacemaker works.


The battery charges the capacitor present in the RC circuit. Then, a computer-controlled switch disconnects the battery and connects the charged capacitor with the heart by a wire. This gives a pulse to the heart and it regains the desired beating frequency.


After the capacitor is discharged, the computer-controlled switch disconnects the RC circuit from the heart and connects it again to the battery for another round of charging. This makes the capacitor ready to provide the next pulse.

By now, you might have understood how RC circuit can help to save lives. Given below are the mathematical relations to find the charge on a capacitor during charging and discharging process.





Remember this!
During charging



Remember this!
During discharging



Where,

= Maximum charge attained by the capacitor

(Also known as time constant). 

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